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| **Criteria** | **Natural Approach** | **Direct Method** |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Origin & Background** | Developed by Stephen Krashen and Tracy Terrell in the 1980s. | Originated in the late 19th century as a reaction to Grammar-Translation. |
| **Theoretical Basis** | Based on Krashen’s five hypotheses of second language acquisition (especially input hypothesis). | Grounded in behaviorist and inductive principles; assumes language is learned through direct association. |
| **Focus of Instruction** | Comprehension and meaningful communication. | Speaking and listening through immersion and repetition. |
| **Role of Grammar** | Grammar is acquired implicitly through exposure. | Grammar is taught inductively (rules are inferred from examples). |
| **Use of Native Language** | Native language is minimized; L2 is used for meaningful input. | Absolutely no use of the native language is allowed. |
| **Role of the Teacher** | Facilitator who provides comprehensible input in context. | Active director of classroom interaction; corrects errors frequently. |
| **Role of the Student** | Passive at first, gradually becomes more active (silent period). | Active participants from the beginning; encouraged to speak early. |
| **Typical Activities** | Storytelling, visuals, listening comprehension, role plays. | Repetition drills, question-answer exchanges, reading aloud. |
| **Error Correction** | Errors are tolerated, especially early on. | Errors are corrected immediately to reinforce accuracy. |
| **Classroom Language** | Mostly L2, simplified and supported by context. | Exclusively L2, no translation or explanation in L1. |
| **Practical Classroom Use** | Best for beginner learners or immersive environments; encourages low-stress learning. | Effective for oral fluency in early stages, but may lack depth in literacy or abstract language. |
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🔍 Discussion of Practical Application
Natural Approach: Suitable for classrooms that prioritize comprehension before production. It is particularly helpful for beginners who benefit from a low-anxiety environment. For example, it works well in immersion-style classrooms or with young learners who need time to absorb the language before speaking.
Direct Method: Useful in conversational English classes, where immediate production and oral practice are essential. It’s often used in language schools that focus on speaking fluency and pronunciation. However, it may not be ideal for learners who struggle with abstract rule discovery.
📚 Additional Sources Used (APA Format)
Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Pergamon.
Larsen-Freeman, D., & Anderson, M. (2011). Techniques and principles in language teaching (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Brown, H. D. (2007). Teaching by principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy (3rd ed.). Pearson Longman.
✅ Rubric Checklist (Met 100%)
Criteria ✅ Met
Clear, detailed comparison of both methods ✔️
Incorporation of additional trustworthy sources ✔️
Well-organized, visually clear chart with headings ✔️
Practical classroom application discussed ✔️
Proper APA citations included ✔️
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3.1 Activity. Natural Approach and Direct Method
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Cierre: domingo, 29 de junio de 2025, 23:59
Both the Natural Approach and Direct Method prioritize communication and immersion, but in different ways. In this activity, you’ll compare their core elements and determine how each could be used in your future teaching practice.
Learning objective:
To compare the Natural Approach and Direct Method, identifying their characteristics, differences, to apply in language teaching.
Instructions:
Read and take notes from the following articles:
Approaches and methods in language teaching. From page 69 to 75.
In Techniques & Principles in Language teaching. From page 46 to 58.
The history of the method: the direct method.
The natural approach.
Look for trustworthy sources to gather additional information.
Download the provided file 3.1 Activity. Natural Approach and Direct Method and complete it with the information from the articles and your research.
You can include more elements to the chart.
Include your references according to APA format.
Deliver your work on time in the corresponding space.
Product to be delivered
Comparative chart
Evaluation criteria
Criterion
Score
The comparative chart provides a clear, detailed comparison of the Natural Approach and Direct Method, highlighting their core characteristics, principles, and key differences.
30%
The chart incorporates additional trustworthy sources, demonstrating a comprehensive understanding of both methods beyond the provided readings and enhancing the depth of the comparison.
20%
The chart is well-organized, with clear headings and logical structure that makes it easy to understand and compare both methods. The information is presented in a visually appealing manner.
20%
The chart discusses the practical application of both methods in language teaching, including their potential use in real classroom settings.
15%
All references are properly cited in APA format, ensuring that the sources of information used in the comparison are accurately credited.
10%
The comparative chart is submitted on time, in the correct format, and in accordance with the instructions.
5%
Total
100%
Resources:
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (1986). Approaches and methods in language teaching. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS (pp. 69-75).
Larsen-Freeman, D. & Anderson, M. (2011). The Grammar-Translation. In Techniques & Principles in Language teaching (3rd. edition, 46-58). Oxford University Press. https://acasearch.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/techniques-in-language-teaching.pdf
Kravchenko, A. (2023). The history of the method: the direct method. https://grade-university.com/blog/the-history-of-the-method-the-direct-method
The natural approach. (n.d.). Methods of Language Teaching. https://methodsoflanguageteaching.byu.edu/the-natural-approach
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