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Score
The timeline includes at least 6 significant milestones in the history of English language teaching, chosen based on their historical importance and relevance.
25%
Each milestone is described with clarity and depth (40-60 words per event), demonstrating research and understanding of its impact on the evolution of English language teaching.
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Timeline: Key Milestones in the History of English Language Teaching
1. Grammar-Translation Method (Early 19th Century)
The Grammar-Translation Method emerged in Europe, focusing on reading and translating classical texts. Emphasizing grammar rules and vocabulary memorization, it was designed for academic learners. Though limited in oral proficiency, it laid the foundation for structured language instruction in formal educational settings.
2. Direct Method (Late 19th Century)
In response to Grammar-Translation’s limitations, the Direct Method prioritized spoken communication. Students learned vocabulary and grammar inductively, using only the target language. This approach helped promote fluency and listening skills, influencing modern communicative practices and shifting focus from translation to real-life interaction.
3. Audiolingual Method (1940s–1950s)
Developed in the U.S. during World War II, this method used repetition, drills, and pattern practice based on behaviorist theory. It aimed to build speaking and listening skills through habit formation. Though eventually criticized for lack of creativity, it influenced language lab designs and structured training.
4. Communicative Language Teaching (1970s)
CLT revolutionized ELT by emphasizing meaningful communication over rote memorization. Rooted in sociolinguistic theory, it encouraged real-life language use, group interaction, and task-based learning. This approach transformed textbooks, classroom practices, and teacher training globally, making it the dominant paradigm in many institutions today.
5. The Lexical Approach (1990s)
Introduced by Michael Lewis, the Lexical Approach highlighted the importance of chunks, collocations, and formulaic sequences in language learning. Rather than focusing solely on grammar, it promoted vocabulary acquisition through authentic texts and real-world usage, influencing many materials and methods in modern ELT.
6. Technology-Enhanced Language Learning (2000s–Present)
The integration of digital tools—like language apps, online platforms, and AI-powered tutors—has transformed ELT. Technology supports personalized learning, global collaboration, and 24/7 access to resources. Its ongoing evolution continues to shape how learners interact with English both inside and outside the classroom.
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1750 1880 1920 1966 1970 1980 1990 2000
During this era, the Grammar-
Translation Method dominated,
focusing on translating texts and
memorizing grammar rules. The
primary aim was literary
comprehension rather than
spoken proficiency. This approach
was prevalent in Europe and
influenced early ELT practices.
The Classical Period
TBLT focuses on the completion
of meaningful tasks, while
Content-Based Instruction (CBI)
uses subject matter content to
teach language, promoting
deeper engagement and
contextualized learning.
Task-based and
Content-based
Instruction
ESP emerged to cater to learners’
specific professional or academic
needs, such as Business English or
English for Academic Purposes. This
approach tailors content to the
specialized vocabulary and
communication skills required in
particular fields.
Focus on English
for Specific
PurposesThe seminar laid the foundation
for modern English teaching
methods and curricula,
influencing the direction of
English education in the
following decades.
The Dartmouth Literacy
Conference
This period marked a shift towards
spoken language instruction.
Methods like the Direct Method and
the Berlitz Method emphasized
immersion, teaching vocabulary and
grammar inductively, and using the
target language exclusively in the
classroom. The focus was on
developing communicative skills
rather than rote memorization.
The Reform Period
Influenced by advancements in linguistics
and psychology, this era introduced more
structured approaches. The Oral
Approach and Situational Language
Teaching emphasized context-based
grammar teaching and the use of
dialogues to introduce new structures.
The Audiolingual Method, characterized
by repetitive drills.
The Scientific Period
This phase shifted focus towards
real-life communication. This
method prioritized fluency,
interaction, and the use of authentic
materials. The goal was to enable
learners to use English effectively in
various social contexts.
The Communicative
Period
The advent of digital technology
transformed ELT. Language learning
software, online resources, and virtual
classrooms became integral, offering
interactive and flexible learning
opportunities. This technological shift
has made English learning more
accessible and engaging.
Technological
Integration in ELT
Timeline of Teaching Methodologie
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1.2 Forum. Timeline of Teaching Methodologies
Requisitos de finalización
Hecho: Ver
Por hacer: Hacer publicaciones en foro: 3
Por hacer: Recibir una calificación
Understanding where teaching methodologies come from helps us see how language education has evolved over time. In this activity, you’ll explore the key historical events that shaped English language teaching. This timeline will provide you with a solid foundation for evaluating current practices and innovations in the classroom.
Learning objective:
To understand the historical evolution of teaching methodologies, identifying key moments that shaped modern English language teaching, to reflect on their relevance.
Instructions:
Read and take notes from the following articles:
The History of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, from a British and European Perspective.
HISTORY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING.
Watch the video: HISTORY OF ENGLISH.
Research additional trustworthy sources for more information.
Identify and select at least 6 key milestones in the history of English Language teaching.
Create a visually organized timeline including dates, descriptions (40-60 words per event), and relevant images.
Upload your timeline in the forum for classmates' feedback.
Comment constructively on the words of at least 2 peers.
Suggestions:
The purpose of using an online tool for this activity is to help you expand your skills with different tech applications. We recommend the following tools to create your timeline, choose the one that best fits your needs. You may also explore a new tool or use one you're already familiar with, like Word or PowerPoint, if you prefer.
Timeline Maker
Timeline JS
Tiki-Toki
Product to be delivered
Timeline and reflection
Evaluation criteria
Criterion
Score
The timeline includes at least 6 significant milestones in the history of English language teaching, chosen based on their historical importance and relevance.
25%
Each milestone is described with clarity and depth (40-60 words per event), demonstrating research and understanding of its impact on the evolution of English language teaching.
25%
Additional trustworthy sources are used to supplement the primary readings, showing thorough research and expanding the timeline’s context.
15%
The timeline is visually clear, well-organized, and easy to follow, using appropriate online tools or applications (Timeline JS, Tiki-Toki, etc.) or familiar tools like Word or PowerPoint.
20%
The student uploads the timeline for feedback and constructively comments on at least two peers' work, demonstrating critical thinking and engagement with classmates.
15%
Total
100%
Resources:
Howatt, A. P. R., & Smith, R. (2014). The History of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, from a British and European Perspective. Language & History, 57(1), 75–95. https://doi.org/10.1179/1759753614Z.00000000028
Professor Korten. (2023, 29 de diciembre). HISTORY OF ENGLISH. [Video]. YouTube. https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=5SIJGZX_zyY
Thanasoulas, D. (s/f). HISTORY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING. https://www.englishclub.com/efl/tefl/tips/history-of-english-language-teaching/ .